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''This article is about the consequences of alcohol intake within adolescence, what can be done to prevent underage drinking and what a Minimum legal drinking age is and why it was created. For other uses, see'' Alcohol, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Alcohol is a liquid form substance which contains Ethanol that can cause harm and even damage to a persons DNA.〔Tomberg, C. (2010). Categories of alcohol consumers: Definitions and criteria of alcohol addiction. ''Journal Of Psychophysiology'', ''24''(4), 213-214. doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000034〕"Alcohol consumption is recognized worldwide as a leading risk factor for disease, disability, and death." and is rated as the most used and abused substance by adolescences. Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological changes, usually a time in a person life in which they go through puberty.〔Schindler, A. G., Tsutsui, K. T. and Clark, J. J. (2014), Chronic Alcohol Intake During Adolescence, but not Adulthood, Promotes Persistent Deficits in Risk-Based Decision Making. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 38: 1622–1629. doi: 10.1111/acer.12404〕 Combining these transitional stages and the intake of alcohol, can leave a number of consequences for an adolescent. == Consequences of alcoholism throughout Adolescence == Most research is based on alcohol and the effects on people in general, essentially relating to adults. Little to no research is shown on the intake of alcohol throughout adolescents and the consequences that binge drinking from a young age can create. "The rate of alcohol use increases sharply between the ages of 12 and 21 years, and adolescents frequently adopt a binge-like drinking pattern".〔Foltran, F., Gregori, D., Franchin, L., Verduci, E., & Giovannini, M. (2011). Effect of alcohol consumption in prenatal life, childhood, and adolescence on child development. Nutrition Reviews, 69(11), 642-659.〕 These patterns can then lead to various consequences including automobile accidents, drug abuse, sexual activity, skipping school and failing grades.〔DiClemente, R. J., Santelli, J. S., & Crosby, R. A. (Eds.). (2009). Adolescent Health : Understanding and Preventing Risk Behaviors. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Jossey-Bass. Retrieved from http://www.ebrary.com.ipacez.nd.edu.au〕 "Recent studies show that alcohol consumption has the potential to trigger long-term biological changes that may have detrimental effects on the developing adolescent brain, including neurocognitive impairment."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alcoholism in Adolescence」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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